Condition of assignment.

All opening on weather deck are water tight.
Height of the coaming , air pipes and door sills above weather deck.
The change in freeboard depend on degree of water tightness.
Water in deck should be removed immediately , bulwark need freeing ports , scupppers.
In type A ship due to small freeboard open rails should be fitted instead of bulwark.
Hatch coaming , hatch cover , Air pipes should be strong enough to resist pounding from sea

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Main engine interlocks

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Why is a man hole door elliptical in shape?

Any opening in a pressure vessel is kept to a minimum and for a man entry an elliptical hole is lesser in size than the corresponding circular hole. More over it is prime concern to have a smoothed generous radius at the corners to eliminate stress concentration. Hence other geometrical shapes like rectangle and square are ruled out. To compensate for the loss of material in the shell due to opening, a doubler ring has to be provided around the opening. The thickness of the ring depends on the axis length along the dirrection in which the stresses are maximum and the thickness of the shell. It is important to align the minor axis along the length of the vessel, as the stress in this direction is maximum. Longitudinal stress: Pd/2t where P= pressure inside the vessel, d= diameter of the arc, t= thickness of the shell plating Circumferential stress: Pd/4t More over a considerable material and weight saving is achieved as...

MEOclassIIexamnotes

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